帮我写一篇英语短文
Electricity figures everywhere in our lives. Electricity lights up our homes, cooks our food, powers our computers, television sets, and other electronic devices. Electricity from batteries keeps our cars running and makes our flashlights shine in the dark.
Here's something you can do to see the importance of electricity. Take a walk through your school, house or apartment and write down all the different appliances, devices and machines that use electricity. You'll be amazed at how many things we use each and every day that depend on electricity.
But what is electricity? Where does it come from? How does it work? Before we understand all that, we need to know a little bit about atoms and their structure.
All matter is made up of atoms, and atoms are made up of smaller particles. The three main particles making up an atom are the proton, the neutron and the electron.
Electrons spin around the center, or nucleus, of atoms, in the same way the moon spins around the earth. The nucleus is made up of neutrons and protons.
Electrons contain a negative charge, protons a positive charge. Neutrons are neutral -- they have neither a positive nor a negative charge.
There are many different kinds of atoms, one for each type of element. An atom is a single part that makes up an element. There are 118 different known elements that make up every thing! Some elements like oxygen we breathe are essential to life.
Each atom has a specific number of electrons, protons and neutrons. But no matter how many particles an atom has, the number of electrons usually needs to be the same as the number of protons. If the numbers are the same, the atom is called balanced, and it is very stable.
So, if an atom had six protons, it should also have six electrons. The element with six protons and six electrons is called carbon. Carbon is found in abundance in the sun, stars, comets, atmospheres of most planets, and the food we eat. Coal is made of carbon; so are diamonds
Some kinds of atoms have loosely attached electrons. An atom that loses electrons has more protons than electrons and is positively charged. An atom that gains electrons has more negative particles and is negatively charge. A "charged" atom is called an "ion."
Electrons can be made to move from one atom to another. When those electrons move between the atoms, a current of electricity is created. The electrons move from one atom to another in a "flow." One electron is attached and another electron is lost.
This chain is similar to the fire fighter's bucket brigades in olden times. But instead of passing one bucket from the start of the line of people to the other end, each person would have a bucket of water to pour from one bucket to another. The result was a lot of spilled water and not enough water to douse the fire. It is a situation that's very similar to electricity passing along a wire and a circuit. The charge is passed from atom to atom when electricity is "passed."
Scientists and engineers have learned many ways to move electrons off of atoms. That means that when you add up the electrons and protons, you would wind up with one more proton instead of being balanced.
Since all atoms want to be balanced, the atom that has been "unbalanced" will look for a free electron to fill the place of the missing one. We say that this unbalanced atom has a "positive charge" (+) because it has too many protons.
Since it got kicked off, the free electron moves around waiting for an unbalanced atom to give it a home. The free electron charge is negative, and has no proton to balance it out, so we say that it has a "negative charge" (-).
So what do positive and negative charges have to do with electricity?
Where Does the Word 'Electricity' Come From?
Electrons, electricity, electronic and other words that begin with "electr..." all originate from the Greek word "elektor," meaning "beaming sun." In Greek, "elektron" is the word for amber.
Amber is a very pretty goldish brown "stone" that sparkles orange and yellow in sunlight. Amber is actually fossilized tree sap! It's the stuff used in the movie "Jurassic Park." Millions of years ago insects got stuck in the tree sap. Small insects which had bitten the dinosaurs, had blood with DNA from the dinosaurs in the insect's bodies, which were now fossilized in the amber.
Ancient Greeks discovered that amber behaved oddly - like attracting feathers - when rubbed by fur or other objects. They didn't know what it was that caused this phenomenon. But the Greeks had discovered one of the first examples of static electricity (see Chapter 3).
The Latin word, electricus, means to "produce from amber by friction."
So, we get our English word electricity from Greek and Latin words that were about amber.
Scientists and engineers have found several ways to create large numbers of positive atoms and free negative electrons. Since positive atoms want negative electrons so they can be balanced, they have a strong attraction for the electrons. The electrons also want to be part of a balanced atom, so they have a strong attraction to the positive atoms. So, the positive attracts the negative to balance out.
The more positive atoms or negative electrons you have, the stronger the attraction for the other. Since we have both positive and negative charged groups attracted to each other, we call the total attraction "charge."
When electrons move among the atoms of matter, a current of electricity is created. This is what happens in a piece of wire. The electrons are passed from atom to atom, creating an electrical current from one end to other, just like in the picture.
Electricity is conducted through some things better than others do. Its resistance measures how well something conducts electricity. Some things hold their electrons very tightly. Electrons do not move through them very well. These things are called insulators. Rubber, plastic, cloth, glass and dry air are good insulators and have very high resistance.
Other materials have some loosely held electrons, which move through them very easily. These are called conductors. Most metals -- like copper, aluminum or steel -- are good conductors.
二
Importance of electricity
Think of how different your world is when the power goes out.
Electricity is an important part of our lives. Each day we use electricity in a countless number of ways without giving it much thought.
We use electricity to:
Light our houses at night
Cook our food
Watch our TVs
Run our computers
Play our video games
Listen to our stereos
Run our furnaces during the winter
Run our air conditioners during the summer
And the list goes on. Can you think of any more ways in which you use electricity?
只有60字还真是写不出什么来呢……自己写了一篇，楼主看看合不合意吧。
Saving electricity
We have been threatened by the shortage of electricity nowadays, mainly due to limited coal resources. Fortunately, the government has made series of strategies and countermeasures in dealing with the problem. Energy-Saving lamps are developed and in nationwide adoption, and awareness and cautions of the public have been raised greatly as well. Furthermore, scientists and researchers are turning for alternate electricity generating resources such as solar to compensate the lack of coals.
(73 words)
写一篇英语短文~
Nowadays, as technology is developing in a fast speed, many people like to surf the Internet. They spend a lot of time with their computers and phones to search for information, and they seldom watch television with their family. People who love surfing the Internet say they can gain a large amount of various information, but there are some other people who don't agree with them. Some people prefer watching television because think that when a family is watching television together, it can increase their affection. When a family is gathered together without their phones interacting, they will chat more and have more fun together, but when young people are having their phones in their hands, this seems never to happen. They have different ideas, and in my opinion, I think they are all correct, depending on what kind of people they are.
Dear Miss Mary
There is going to be a new Peking Opera in the People's Theatre at 7:30 p.m. tonight, I want to ask you to see. I have already bought two tickets for the Peking Opera, please don't buy any ticket if you will go there with me.
I will wait for you at the gate of the theatre before 7:20 p.m. .
Dear Miss Mary, you must go to the theatre with me for my waiting for you.
Yours Li Ming
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